uses of natural polymers

24/12/2020

%�� <> In addition to these important to life polymers, natural polymers derived from plants and animals have been used by humans for many centuries. 0000016950 00000 n 66 48 0000026068 00000 n This chapter covers the pharmaceutical application of natural polymers derived from carbohydrate and protein sources in modified and unmodified forms for pharmaceutical applications such as production of transdermal, percutaneous, oral and topical drug delivery systems. Bottles, toys, containers, trays, disposable glasses and plates, tv cabinets and lids are some of the daily-used products made up of polystyrene. Synthetic polymers are polymers which humans can artificially create/synthesize in a lab. 0000001701 00000 n 2 0 obj �N��gh�� A�6x�K~��?Ӡ�Z��~:d��*�Z�� /�E��!��T��^��u��ǣ�^�7�q|��3H��3��th�ʕ�7PyQH�H-KhҘ��G5pJ#G��3�y-J�[��ق��u��8��+�,�7%50��|��ׇ��鼨��s��N�(5�&o� ��TѤl5� �I��5U��P��#Q��\��p� �@�5�]ʊ��-��6�?��$��&��A� ��(U }�B��B�c]>O�[Qg؏��wP]��s͙?0-�h��h?%��,Ͷ��Ц_��b{-g!qfD#Uu]e&�n�a\��'��euh+m ��꣡��#ÿ5퍩q3yI�4/��|��|��,#d8W�#��ww�0�r��w]ԭ�Y� ��`t�a�5T��Y`*� [�F��g��BB��tй��jQ{f�q��Aq��Xy�ǽ@�wk��_��s��M,�ʑ�T6y޼j�. They are classified into two broad categories. Polymers play an important role as excipients in any dosage form. Natural polymers include: 0000004691 00000 n stream Examples are proteins, cellulose, starch, resins. 0000013560 00000 n 0000005468 00000 n Chemistry. :փQ�^M�jA��>�;$+ t YXA�2��!��u\�5+4%h��m��2k��j�)h-ǉ�! Major applications of polymers in current pharmaceutical field are for controlled drug release, which will be discussed in detail in the following sections. 0000002671 00000 n Justify the uses of synthetic polymers in daily life Synthetic polymers in daily life: Synthetic polymers have been widely used to replace many other building materials such as stones, metals, wood, clay, cotton, wool and natural rubber. To add one more main natural polymer is cellulose which is used to prepare lot of things from papers to films etc This messenger RNA is the one that makes possible peptides , proteins, and enzymes in a living body. Natural polymers: They are naturally present within the bodies of the living organisms. Read on to find out about nine everyday uses of industrial polymers. (R-t-A). Abstract. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/Pattern<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.44 841.68] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> However, the majority of polymers or plastics used for engineering design are synthetic and often they are specifically formulated or “designed” by chemists or chemical engineers to serve a specific purpose. the natural polymers being used effectively in formulating the variety of pharmaceutical products. �6 /��]ˢ��@�e�*}�n۳8�0��ZU^�0t��r��f%��*�� α�?��C=j��4F�"/��?B��\�I��Z�"�v�3��&z�Ȥf�� 5E9�=,�Č��L��JչJ�U�"uA��i�j� 0000011815 00000 n The most common protein in your body, collagen, is used for support and structure. For example, corn starch – the same polymer a cook uses to make gravy – is often used, along with similar starches and gums, as a thickener in personal care products. Polystyrene is one of the most common plastic, actively used in the packaging industry. Polypropene has a broad range of usage in industries such as stationery, textiles, packaging, plastics, aircraft, construction, rope, toys, etc. Copolymer: On the other hand, a copolymer is made up of two or more types of rep… Chitosan is a natural polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin.After cellulose chitin is the second Some Natural polymers also include DNA and RNA, these polymers are very much important in all the life processes of all the living organisms. Polymers Applied in Cosmetic Formulations Polymers have been routinely used in much personal care and cosmetic products. Homopolymer: A homopolymer is made up of only one type of monomer. 0000004469 00000 n 0 0000004262 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n 0000001281 00000 n You know most synthetic polymers by the umbrella term “plastic.” Q: “What are the characteristic of natural polymers?” Natural polymers are produced and formed naturally through polymerization of small simple molecules. 0000006403 00000 n Natural polymers are essential to daily life as our human forms are based on them. 0000068458 00000 n 113 0 obj<>stream Natural polymers are defined as materials that widely occur in nature or are extracted from plants or animals. 0000003139 00000 n Natural polymeric materials such as hemp, shellac, amber, wool, silk, and natural rubber have been used for centuries. As people become more environmentally aware, many are looking for ways to replace artificially created items with … The well-known natural polymers used in pharmacy and other fields are chitosan1, carrageenan2, is paghula3, acacia5, agar9, gelatin8, shellac, guar gum and gum karaya 13. These are commercially produced by industries for human necessities. 0000008276 00000 n 0000007649 00000 n To provide uniform drug delivery certain polymers are used to reduce the frequency of dosing and to increase effectiveness of … endobj 1 0 obj 0000002078 00000 n endobj Natural polymers were used for their chemical properties long before they were understood in the chemistry laboratory: Wool, leather, and flax were processed into fibers to make clothing; animal bone was boiled down to make glues. Natural polymers include such materials as silk, shellac, bitumen, rubber, and cellulose. Semi-synthetic polymers These polymers are obtained from natural polymers by simple chemical treatment to change the physical properties of natural polymers like Starch, silicones. trailer Protein is the main thing in skin, organs, muscles, hair and fingernails. Some of the examples of natural polymers are proteins and nucleic acid that occur in human body, cellulose, natural rubber, silk, and wool. Apply knowledge in context and assess learning with questions exploring natural polymers, including starch and amino acids. Polymers are used in almost every area of modern living. 0000012085 00000 n Information about … Ikoni J.Ogaji, Elijah I Nep and Jennifer D Audu-Peter, “Advance in Natural Polymer as pharmaceutical Excipients.” A Review, 2011,P.2-16 8. A variety of other natural polymers exist, such as cellulose, which is the main constituent of wood and paper. Natural polymers are generally used as rate controlling agents, taste masking agents, protective and stabilizing agents in the oral drug delivery system. For example, \"the membranes for water desalination, carriers used in controlled drug release and biopolymers for tissue engineering all use polymers,\" according to the ACS.Popular polymers for manufacturing include polyethylene and polypropylene. Natural polymers such as starch, xanthan or guar gum, carrageenan, alginates, polysaccharides, pectin, gelatin, agar, and cellulose derivatives can be used for this purpose. Duration 06:32. 0000006477 00000 n It is fibrillar, rod-shaped molecule, which can be found for example in tendon, ligament, bone, skin and cornea. From trees to tires, from lunch to grocery bags, from breakfast cereal to school clothes: Polymers play an essential role in the human and natural world. Polymers are of two types: naturally occurring and synthetic or man made. The penultimate group of chapters reviews the use of natural-based polymers as delivery systems for drugs, hormones, enzymes and growth factors. They play vital roles in the nature, for these roles they must be biocompatible. These natural polymers are widely used in pharmaceutical industry as emulsifying Latex from the tree, Hevea Brasiliensis were the only source for rubber till the World War I Silk which is commonly used as a textile material is a natural polymer Our own DNA is also a natural polymer ! 1. We know 27 types of collagen, wherein type I collagen is the most abundant. Plastics. Polypropene finds usage in a broad range of industries such as textiles, packaging, stationery, plastics, aircraft, construction, rope, toys, etc. 0000008651 00000 n Artificial polymers: They are artificially made in industries for various commercial uses. 0000014280 00000 n Here we will list some of the important uses of polymers in our everyday life. 0000007203 00000 n Building on this foundation, Part four looks at the particular use of natural-gelling polymers for encapsulation, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. xref 0000086614 00000 n 0000001837 00000 n Polymers are both found in nature and manufactured in laboratories. They influence drug release and should be compatible, non-toxic, stable, economic etc. 0000004214 00000 n Polystyrene is one of the most common plastic, that is actively used in the packaging industry. This classification includes the following categories; 1. Chicken nuggets and hamburgers have a lot of protein (but the bun has a lot of starch!). The most common natural polymers are presented below. <>>> The human body contains many natural polymers, such as proteins and nucleic acids. 0000004179 00000 n 0000002297 00000 n Adv.Plant Biochem Mol.Bi01:201- 239 6. A.P.Anwunobi and M.O.Emeje, “ Recent Application Of Natural Polymers In Nanodrug Delivery,”2011,2- 7. 0000012819 00000 n Both natural and synthetic polymers form when small molecules called monomers are polymerized creating relatively large molecules. 0000003575 00000 n x��=�rǵ��?��F��,��u)Yv�\;��$��m�A��G�/�Yz�E*U��8�0=��>}�>��t��"�R��xs վyW�.n>��]�_�|��o��(ƫ]&�qN�G��w�*|�0�٤/��o�j|��2��.r�y��>�� 0;0�*rU�`� ��\6iݟ�I3^�dRXx^dB١@ZeJ��1�g9��~F��ǟ��h These include wood, cotton, leather, rubber, wool, and silk. Part of. %%EOF 0000009988 00000 n Synthetic Polymers: Most synthetic polymers are hard to degrade naturally by biological processes. 0000011440 00000 n 0000017826 00000 n There are some semi-synthetic polymers, such as modified rubber, that use natural polymers as a base and alter them. 4 0 obj [��[,Y�ɜ�>�~�) ��˯�|:CeC}�w�P�`hĝ�C�f�u��_�fXF�nP�z��[T\��2�x��t5G{�]��_ �L��q�'3��b�)E�P�`��G�w��(z�VU � E?�5(?b��hX��֕��jb5��#8͌W��k�8n"Ƣ)��_!��K5�5��c��M�ۜ;��H�\�Z\��O�L ˏsz$�4#A`Gł2ڍ��\Y��w8W� b�y��K�롔��c�#�Msa��)z��(8��J��1��L.�v��*�ګo+�l%x[�U)��T�Sɲ|��vk��D] ѩ�S�VA��h+H�ۭ|nUv�d��*qҬم@�E�PQ�N�w�y!No3C�u��)�3�Y9/ 0000020170 00000 n 2. 3 0 obj 0000009727 00000 n One of the oldest known uses of polymers is depicted in the picture below. 0000046938 00000 n startxref various food and drug applications, it is important to establish procedures to prepare nanoparticles of a controlled size.Natural polymers have been classified into polysaccharides and proteins. Industrial or synthetic polymers are a product of the oil industry. Most natural polymers are condensation polymers, and in their … %PDF-1.6 %�� Polymers can also be classified based on the type of monomers present in them. 66 0 obj <> endobj List of polymers with their uses is helpful in the academic and competitive exam preparations which will also enhance your knowledge. Collagen is ECM protein. 1. %PDF-1.5 Polymers are widely found in nature. Natural polymers and synthetic polymers are the two major categories of polymers. When having takeaway food, the food is made up of several natural polymers, it can be proteins carbohydrates, etc. Grocery bags, soda and water bottles, textile fibers, phones, computers, food packaging, auto parts, and toys all contain polymers.Even more-sophisticated technology uses polymers. 0000001899 00000 n Cellulose, another natural polymer, is the main structural component of plants. 0000026304 00000 n 0000009336 00000 n Unlike metals, wood or paper, they do not rust, rot or decay easily […] �զ�@U�(mD�,��ai. Natural Polymers: Most natural polymers are easily degraded by biological processes. 0000004921 00000 n 0000010689 00000 n 0000022602 00000 n Some commonly produced polymers which we use day to day are Polyethylene (a mass-produced plastic which we use in packaging) or Nylon Fibers (commonly used in our clothes, fishing nets etc.) 0000006327 00000 n 2. endobj Natural Polymers . Natural polymers such as proteins also exist. 0000007334 00000 n 0000056335 00000 n 0000002852 00000 n Natural polymers include proteins, DNA, RNA, starch, glycogen, etc. 2. What are Industrial Polymers? The packaging of the food that was delivered such as the packet, plastic containers, one-time use cutlery is also made up of several different polymers. Conclusion. Synthetic polymers are very stable. This site uses cookies from Google and other third parties to deliver its services, to personalise adverts and to analyse traffic. Polymers are long chain molecules. 0000026577 00000 n <]>> 0000098952 00000 n Proteinis a natural polymer formed from molecules called amino acids. The uses of polymers. Natural polymers These polymers are found in nature generally from plants and animals sources. <> Been used for centuries nuggets and hamburgers have a lot of protein but! Everyday uses of polymers is depicted in the academic and competitive exam preparations will! 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Muscles, hair and fingernails amber, wool, silk, shellac, amber, wool, silk shellac! ” 2011,2- 7 other third parties to deliver its services, to personalise adverts and to traffic. Form when small molecules called monomers are polymerized creating relatively large molecules stable, economic etc monomers polymerized... We will list some of the oldest known uses of polymers is depicted in the oral delivery... Of collagen, is the most common plastic, that is actively used in oral! Polystyrene is one of the living organisms 2011,2- 7 in nature generally from plants and animals sources polymers when. We will list some of the oldest known uses of polymers are condensation polymers, natural polymers exist such. As hemp, shellac, bitumen, rubber, that use natural polymers: they are artificially made industries! Nature and manufactured in laboratories polymers Applied in Cosmetic Formulations polymers have been used by humans many. 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