phthalates in skincare

[8] Manori JS, et al., Urinary levels of seven phthalate metabolites in a human reference population. 6, pp 507-14, 2010. A salt or ester of phthalic acid used in the preparation of plastics and solvents. & Chien MH., Lower concentrations of phthalates induce proliferation in human breast cancer cells. [11]  In addition, the Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX) includes DEP,[12] DEHP,[13] and DBP[14] as endocrine disruptors. Too many beauty or self-care products contain phthalates that go directly onto your skin and into your pores. Women, especially black women, have been found to have a higher body burden of certain chemicals found in cosmetics, including parabens and phthalates… In field research, the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics only found phthalates listed as an ingredient in nail polish,[5] but our 2002 report, Not Too Pretty, detected phthalates in nearly three-fourths of tested products. [3] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Health: SLS and SLES can irritate eyes, skin, and lungs, especially with long-term use.SLES may also be contaminated with a substance called 1,4-dioxane, which is … HOW TO AVOID: Read the labels on nail products, and choose options that do not contain DBP. [29] A study of infertile couples found significantly exposure to DEP among infertile men and higher DEP and DBP exposure among infertile women. [25],[26],[27], The female reproductive system may be less sensitive to phthalate exposure than the male reproductive system,[28] although a few studies have found female reproductive effects. [8] The researchers speculate that the high prevalence of DEP is the result of the chemicals’ use in cosmetics and other fragranced products. Does Nail Polish Banish the Itch from Chigger Bites? Know the difference between Latin names and chemicals. [34],[35] DBP has been shown to cause proliferation of breast tumor cells and to make anti-estrogen treatments, such as tamoxifen, less effective against tumors. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1241863/pdf/ehp0112-000331.pdf August 14, 2014. Female laboratory rats chronically exposed to DBP and other phthalates showed altered sex hormones and increased likelihood of fetal loss. A variety of environmentally persistent chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, are weakly estrogenic. [37] Alam MS., et al., Induction of spermatogenic cell apoptosis in prepubertal rat testes irrespective of testicular steroidogenesis: a possible estrogenic effect of di(n-butyl) phthalate. Environmental Health Perspectives 103(6):582-7. 114, pp 270-276, 2006. [24]  Exposure to phthalates, especially DBP and DEHP, can reduce fetal testosterone production, and these anti-androgenic effects may alter fetal cell differentiation and function, leading to altered male genital development. Another study, led by Dr. Shanna Swan of the University of Missouri, identified developmental abnormalities in male infants correlating to high phthalate levels in their mothers’ bodies. [17] Other research in humans has shown altered hormone levels in baby boys exposed to DEP and DEHP in breast milk. [10] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [30] One of the ways that phthalates interfere with reproductive function is by reducing the levels of sex hormones, which are critical for development and functioning of the sex organs, including breasts. 113, pp 1056-1061, 2005. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280349/pdf/ehp0113-001056.pdf. EWG maintains a free online database named "Skin Deep", which list lotions, creams, and polishes that contain phthalates. Non-hispanic whites have the lowest levels. [40], VULNERABLE POPULATIONS: Pregnant women and breast-feeding mothers. [Internet]. Abstract online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19235623. Phthalates (US: / ˈ θ æ l eɪ t s /, UK: / ˈ θ ɑː l eɪ t s /), or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid.They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. The Truth About Skincare's Biggest Bad Guy. August 18, 2014. Currently, potential links to obesity and metabolic issues are being investigated. Research in adult human males has found that sperm quality and male infertility are associated with levels of MEP and MEHP (metabolites of DEP and DEHP) [21],[22],[23] and that higher levels lead to more strongly impaired sperm motility. 17, no. Abstract Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22197707. 3, pp 331-338, 2002. Human and Experimental Toxicology, vol. Pregnant women’s exposure to the phthalates DBP and DEHP has been associated with a shortened distance between the anus and genitals in their male babies, indicating a feminization had occurred during prenatal genital development. Female laboratory rats chronically exposed to DBP and other phthalates showed altered sex hormones and increased likelihood of fetal loss. [15],[16]Shorter ano-genital distance is characteristic of female sex in both humans and animals. [5] Many of these chemicals are rarely used in personal care products and will be easy to replace. Endocrine disruption: The European commission has determined that there is sufficient evidence that DBP and DEHP leads to endocrine disruption in living organism. [25],[26],[27] [11]  In addition, the Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX) includes DEP,[12] DEHP,[13] and DBP[14] as endocrine disruptors. A significant loophole in federal law allows phthalates (and other chemicals) to be added to fragrances without disclosure to consumers. BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid) Retinol. They are used hundreds of products such as detergents, automative parts, vinyl flooring and personal care products. [31],[32],[33] Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. phthalates are also present in cosmetics, nail polish, hair products, skin care products, and some medications. Shown to damage the liver, kidneys, lungs and reproductive systems in animal studies, phthalates can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled. 2014. Phthalates. Error: (#10) This endpoint requires the 'manage_pages' or 'pages_read_user_content' permission or the 'Page Public Content Access' feature. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280349/. Available online: http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/1/189.full.pdf+html. Later independent research conducted at the University of California, Irvine, Department of Dermatology, analyzed 30 baby skin care products for 17 phthalates. August 18, 2014. [38],[39]  The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health demonstrates that DEHP can cause liver tumors in animals. Two decades of research suggest that phthalates disrupt hormones, which can lead to harm during critical periods of development. Society of Reproduction and Fertility, vol. Available online: https://static.ewg.org/reports/2002/NotTooPretty.pdf?_ga=2.79541012.1878150350.1597799880-1583975922.1597799880 August 18, 2014. They're the reason your skin care products can live for years in the back of your medicine cabinet. [31] Jurewicz J. The best way to avoid consuming or applying phthalates directly to the skin is to make your own products. Environmental Research, vol. Phthalates help fragrances and perfumes adhere to skin. [18] Main KM, et al., Human breast milk contamination with phthalates and alterations of endogenous reproductive hormones in infants three months of age. Available online: http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=527 August 13, 2014. [12] The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX). [5] Malkan, S. Not Just a Pretty Face: The Ugly Side of the Beauty Industry. Phthalates (THAL-ates) are chemicals that make plastic soft and flexible. [25] Swan SH, et al., Decrease in Anogenital Distance among Male Infants with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure. Scientists at government agencies in both the U.S. and Canada agree that exposure to the chemicals could cause a wide range of health and reproductive problems in people. We enlisted the experts to help decipher the science. The most common type of phthalate used in skincare products is diethyl phthalate … They are often included in many fragrances used in skincare products to make the scents linger. Phthalates are in so many products, they are industrial plasticizers aimed to make items more flexible and give them work-ability. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. Long words are a little bit intimidating, … Available online: http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=510 August 13, 2014. © 2020 Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, a project of, https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13641/dbp_echa_review_report_2010_6_en.pdf, https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.003.829, https://www.byrdie.com/free-nail-polish-14-brands-worth-your-money-346730, https://static.ewg.org/reports/2002/NotTooPretty.pdf?_ga=2.79541012.1878150350.1597799880-1583975922.1597799880, http://www.safecosmetics.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/A-Little-Prettier.pdf, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1241863/pdf/ehp0112-000331.pdf, https://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/FourthReport_UpdatedTables_Sep2013.pdf, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/docum/pdf/bkh_annex_13.pdf, http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=527, http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=505, http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=510, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280349/pdf/ehp0113-001056.pdf, https://www.bcpp.org/resource/phthalates/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1367843/pdf/ehp0114-000270.pdf, http://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/candidate-list-table, http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/688.full.pdf+html, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21594692, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19235623, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551087. 1, pp 189-95, 2006. http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/1/189.full.pdf+html, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22197707, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690193, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16326419, http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/roc12.pdf. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1241863/pdf/ehp0112-000331.pdf August 14, 2014. Available online: http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/688.full.pdf+html. [4] Byrdie.14 ‘5 free’ nail polish brands. August 18, 2014. Dibutyl phthalate. Triclosan was all … Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. By Zoe Dubs. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. Lately, brands, bloggers and natural skincare experts alike have been perpetuating the myth that up to 60% of chemicals or ingredients in our skincare products, such … 67, pp 2025-2035, 2004. Pronounced THAL-ates, these chemicals, which are linked to endocrine disruption, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and cancer, have been banned from cosmetics in the European Union, but still remain prevalent in U.S. products. [6] Our 2008 follow-up testing found that phthalate levels had dropped in some – though not all – of the products tested previously in 2002. August 13, 2014. None of the 72 products tested had phthalates listed on the labels. If you look on the back of your average skin-care product, you might see the words “butylparaben,” “methylparaben” or “propylparaben.”These paraben ingredients are preservatives used in cosmetics, and even though you might see them everywhere, they are still being reviewed by FDA scientists on their safety. What are Phthalates? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15513900, http://www.reproduction-online.org/content/139/2/427.full.pdf+html, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1519124/pdf/envhper00355-0058.pdf, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24228746/, https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0438.html. In the most recent data from the National Biomonitoring Program, the highest levels are found in non-Hispanic blacks, followed by Mexican-Americans. She is known worldwide as The Cosmetics Cop and creator of Paula’s Choice Skincare. August 18, 2014. Candidate list of substances of very high concern for authorization: DEHP. Climacteric, vol. August 18, 2014. Phthalates. The Upside Parabens are synthetic preservatives found in all sorts of things; from foods to pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products like deodorant and shampoos - probably most of your old favorites. 223, pp 144-155, 2006. Reproductive outcome and children Health these harmful chemicals ' permission or the 'Page Content! Toothpaste, deodorant, antibacterial soap of the 72 products tested had listed. In Anogenital distance among Male Infants with Prenatal phthalate exposure in relation to reproductive outcomes and other )! 12 ] the National Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Part B critical!, S. not Just a Pretty Face: the toxicological consequence on human sperm the back your! Dna methylation of estrogen receptor alpha gene by phthalates in are moisturizers and nail polish.... 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